The University of Sydney Library is the library system of the University of Sydney. According to its publications, it is the largest academic library in the southern hemisphere (circa 2005), with a print collection of over 5.2 million physical items and more than 340 thousand eBooks, (Library Facts and Figures). It is composed of eleven libraries across eight campuses of the university. Its largest library, Fisher Library, is named after Thomas Fisher, an early benefactor.
Amongst the collection are many rare items such as one of the two extant copies of the Gospel of Barnabas, a first edition of Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica by Sir Isaac Newton and the only known extant copy of the little-known but invaluable On the mental inferiority of the people of Southern Africa by Dr David Livingstone.
In 1885 the University received thirty thousand pounds from the estate of the late Thomas Fisher, retired bootmaker and property investor, to be used "in establishing and maintaining a library".
There was a difference of opinion in the University on how to spend the bequest. The Chancellor thought the fund should be used for a building and to contribute to the salary of a Librarian, but the Vice Chancellor and Library Committee preferred to buy books. In 1887 a compromise was reached. £20,000 plus accumulated interest was set aside for a building fund with the hope that the government would provide matching funds and £10,000 was directed to an endowment for books.